Garrity and Kalkines rights are essential protections for public sector employees during workplace investigations. These constitutional safeguards allow public employees to maintain their rights against self-incrimination while still cooperating with employer investigations. It is crucial for both union representatives and members to understand these rights when navigating administrative investigations.

Loudermill rights are vital due process protections for public sector employees facing disciplinary actions that may lead to a loss of pay. These constitutional rights guarantee that public employees receive notice and an opportunity to respond before their property interest in employment and wages is compromised. Typical situations that trigger these rights include termination, demotion to a lower-paying position, or suspension without pay. These rights are rooted in the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

Weingarten Rights are a fundamental protection for union employees, ensuring their right to union representation during investigatory interviews that could result in disciplinary action. Established by the Supreme Court in 1975, these rights safeguard due process and fairness in workplace investigations.

An unfair labor practice charge is a formal complaint filed with the State Employment Relations Board (SERB) when a public employer or employee organization violates the rights protected under Ohio's Public Employees' Collective Bargaining Act. This law, found in Chapter 4117 of the Ohio Revised Code, establishes and protects the fundamental rights of Ohio's public employees to organize, bargain collectively, and engage in other protected activities without interference or discrimination.

The conciliation process is the final step in resolving collective bargaining disputes for Ohio's safety forces and other essential public employees who cannot strike. As outlined by the State Employment Relations Board (SERB), this process provides a binding resolution mechanism through final offer issue-by-issue arbitration under O.R.C. Section 4117.14(G).